By Dr. Georges L. Chahine • Dr. Chao-Tsung Hsiao The U.S. has more than 95,000 mi. of coastline and 3.5 million sq. mi. of open water. Over the last 50 years, ship lengths, widths and drafts have doubled and the amount of commerce has tripled such that over 98 percent of all U.S. cargo is transported at some point by